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Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) - Western Sahara (2001)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) z Western Sahara (2001)

 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)Western Sahara (2001)
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich IslandsWestern Sahara
Administrative divisions - none (under de facto control of Morocco)
Age structure - 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%
Agriculture - products - fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads)
Airports - 11 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
3

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Area total: 3,903 sq km


land: 3,903 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of 11 islands		 total:
266,000 sq km

land:
266,000 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than Rhode Island about the size of Colorado
Background The islands, which have large bird and seal populations, lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 - except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. Recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island. Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 cease-fire; a referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed and is not expected to occur until at least 2002.
Budget - revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital - none
Climate variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
Coastline NA km 1,110 km
Country name conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands


conventional short form: none


abbreviation: SGSSI		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Western Sahara

former:
Spanish Sahara
Currency - Moroccan dirham (MAD)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina) none
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina) none
Disputes - international Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force claimed and administered by Morocco, but sovereignty is unresolved and the UN is attempting to hold a referendum on the issue; the UN-administered cease-fire has been in effect since September 1991
Economic aid - recipient - $NA
Economy - overview Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly. Western Sahara, a territory poor in natural resources and lacking sufficient rainfall, depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. Most of the food for the urban population must be imported. All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan Government. Incomes and standards of living are substantially below the Moroccan level.
Electricity - consumption - 83.7 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 90 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m		 lowest point:
Sebjet Tah -55 m

highest point:
unnamed location 463 m
Environment - current issues NA sparse water and lack of arable land
Environment - international agreements - party to:
none of the selected agreements

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Arab, Berber
Exchange rates - Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 10.590 (January 2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997), 8.716 (1996)
Executive branch - none
Exports - $NA
Exports - commodities - phosphates 62%
Exports - partners - Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land) -
GDP - purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
40%-45% (1996 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 54 30 S, 37 00 W 24 30 N, 13 00 W
Geography - note the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia -
Heliports - 1 (2000 est.)
Highways - total:
6,200 km

paved:
1,350 km

unpaved:
4,850 km (1991 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $NA
Imports - commodities - fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs
Imports - partners - Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - phosphate mining, handicrafts
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation - none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km NA sq km
Labor force - 12,000
Labor force - by occupation - animal husbandry and subsistence farming 50%
Land boundaries 0 km total:
2,046 km

border countries:
Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2005)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
19%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
81%
Languages - Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court -
Literacy - definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco
Map references Antarctic Region Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches - NA
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA%
Nationality - noun:
Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s)

adjective:
Sahrawian, Sahraouian
Natural hazards the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility
Natural resources fish phosphates, iron ore
Political pressure groups and leaders - none
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001 replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited		 250,559 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Ports and harbors - Ad Dakhla, Cabo Bojador, Laayoune (El Aaiun)
Radio broadcast stations 0 (2003) AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 56,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Muslim
Suffrage - none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign has yet to be completed
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken		 general assessment:
sparse and limited system

domestic:
NA

international:
tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco
Telephones - main lines in use - about 2,000 (1999 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 0 (1999)
Television broadcast stations 0 (2003) NA
Terrain most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast
Unemployment rate - NA%
Waterways - none
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